Understanding PFAS: The Growing Concern of 'Forever Chemicals' in Our Environment
What Are PFAS?
PFAS, or perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are synthetic chemicals that have been used since the 1950s. They are popular because of their water-resistant and non-stick properties. You can find PFAS in products like nonstick cookware, waterproof clothing, and firefighting foam. However, their resistance to breaking down has led to their nickname—'forever chemicals.'
These substances linger in the environment for decades. Unfortunately, PFAS can also build up in the human body over time, causing serious health concerns. Recent research links exposure to PFAS with problems like kidney disease, low birth weight, elevated cholesterol, and an increased risk of certain cancers.
To learn more about the broad history and key facts about PFAS in drinking water, check out the in-depth article by NBC News.
Why Are PFAS Dangerous?
The main threat from PFAS comes from their persistence and their tendency to accumulate. People are exposed to PFAS through contaminated water, some foods, and everyday products. Because they don't easily break down, small amounts can build up to dangerous levels in both the environment and our bodies.
Major health agencies, including the EPA, have recognized the risks that PFAS pose. Regulations have changed significantly over the years as new scientific findings have emerged. Initially, the EPA set a limit on certain PFAS in drinking water at 70 parts per trillion. However, the latest guidance suggests that even lower levels could be harmful.
Recent Regulatory Changes and Their Impact
In May 2025, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced plans to relax some restrictions on PFAS in drinking water. This move comes roughly a year after strict national standards were introduced by the previous administration. Under the new rules, the EPA will keep current limits for two common types of PFAS, known as PFOA and PFOS, but has extended the deadline for water utilities to comply.
At the same time, limits for three less common types (including GenX, PFHxS, and PFNA) will be rescinded, along with restrictions for certain PFAS mixtures. While the EPA states that few water utilities will be affected, environmental groups have expressed concern. Many believe that slackening these standards could risk public health and contradict environmental protection laws. The debate continues, as covered by Reuters, highlighting the complexity of regulating PFAS on a national level.
How Can You Reduce Exposure to PFAS?
Knowing that PFAS are widespread, there are steps you can take to limit your exposure:
- Check your local water quality reports for PFAS contamination.
- Use water filters certified to remove PFAS for your tap water.
- Minimize the use of nonstick cookware and look for alternatives labeled "PFAS-free."
- Be mindful of food packaging, especially those with water or grease resistance.
Staying informed is your best defense. Regulations and scientific knowledge around PFAS are evolving, so keeping up-to-date will help you make safer choices for your health and community.
Conclusion
PFAS remain a significant environmental and public health issue due to their persistent nature and links to serious diseases. As US regulations adapt to new research, both individuals and communities can play a role in reducing exposure. Read more about how recent changes could impact your water quality in the detailed NBC News feature on 'forever chemicals'. Stay proactive and informed to protect your family’s health.