Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), often called "forever chemicals," are a growing concern in communities across the United States. These human-made compounds have unique properties—they resist water, oil, and heat—which is why they're used in countless products. However, their persistence means they linger in the environment and in our bodies, raising serious health questions.
PFAS are a class of thousands of chemicals that have been manufactured since the 1940s. They're found in nonstick cookware, stain-resistant fabrics, firefighting foams, and even some food packaging. Because they break down extremely slowly, PFAS can accumulate in soil, water, wildlife, and humans. In fact, studies show that over 98% of Americans have traces of PFAS in their blood.
The problem with PFAS is their durability—they don't easily degrade in nature or in our bodies. Long-term exposure has been linked to numerous health issues. Research connects certain PFAS to cancers, liver damage, high cholesterol, thyroid disease, and reproductive problems. Even low levels in drinking water can present risks, especially over time.
Government action on PFAS has been evolving. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently set new limits for PFAS in drinking water, requiring water utilities to take steps to reduce contamination. However, these deadlines and standards are under debate. Recent decisions have delayed full enforcement, causing public health advocates to voice concern about ongoing exposure while rules are reconsidered. You can learn more about these regulatory changes in this AP News analysis.
Despite regulatory uncertainty, some communities are taking matters into their own hands. Yorba Linda, California, for example, is home to the nation's largest PFAS treatment facility. Since 2021, this plant has removed all traces of PFAS from the water supplied to 80,000 residents. According to Governing.com, they use a process where water is filtered through tanks filled with special resin beads. These beads attract and hold PFAS compounds, ensuring the water is safe to drink.
Other water districts in Orange County have followed Yorba Linda's lead, building treatment plants and taking contaminated wells offline. These efforts come at a cost, often requiring rate increases or government grants. Still, local leaders believe that investing in PFAS removal is critical for public health.
If you're worried about PFAS in your drinking water, check if your local water utility publishes test results or has a plan for monitoring these substances. You can also reduce exposure by using certified water filters designed to remove PFAS and by staying informed about new research and regulations.
PFAS contamination is a complex and evolving issue. While their unique chemical structure makes them useful in everyday products, it also means they're here to stay—unless action is taken. Communities like Yorba Linda show that removing PFAS is possible with the right investment and determination. As the EPA continues to refine guidelines and enforcement, being proactive and informed is the best way to protect your health from these persistent “forever chemicals.”
For more in-depth insights, review the latest EPA updates on PFAS regulations, read expert perspectives from AP News, and explore how communities are eliminating PFAS from their water supply.